Following the money ..
Funding for deeptech companies in Europe – 20 VCs https://tech.eu/2025/07/29/chasing-tech-milestones-not-just-capital-key-lessons-from-the-deeptech-hardware-napkin
McKinsey quarterly report June 2025 https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-year-of-quantum-from-concept-to-reality-in-2025#/
QC companies began a shift toward revenue generation, earning an estimated $650M–$750M in 2024, and are expected to surpass $1B by the end of 2025. The QComm landscape has three key categories (security, networks, and services) and six key verticals: quantum key distribution (QKD) solutions, postquantum cryptography (PQC), modular interconnects, regional networks, quantum global internet, and QComm services. PQC, which has experienced the most commercialization, has the highest level of maturity
Quantum activity in Scotland https://technologyscotland.scot/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Quantum-2023-Report.pdf hardware suppliers
https://www.sdi.co.uk/news/quantum-drive-boosting-the-commercial-potential-of-tech-innovations SDI April 2024
Securing funding for quantum technology projects that may not be immediately profitable is a huge hurdle. However, there are various avenues in the UK to promote development and support ventures scaling up for commercialisation.
Innovate UK, a UK Government agency, has assisted 15 Scottish companies involved with quantum technologies. Earlier this year, the agency awarded £2.34 million to Skylark Lasers to develop critical equipment for quantum-powered navigation systems. The company has also received investment from Scottish Enterprise.
Scepticism and optimism
Sceptics about quantum computers and the requirement for post quantum cryptography https://www.theregister.com/2025/07/17/quantum_cryptanalysis_criticism/
Scott Aaronson being optimistic https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=8329 Quantum Computing: Between Hope and Hype
by Scott Aaronson September 16, 2024
Origins of quantum computing – Ray LaFlame obit https://scottaaronson.blog/?p=8949 All of a sudden, there was a viable path to building a quantum computer out of photons, where you wouldn’t need to get pairs of photons to interact with each other, which had previously been the central sticking point. The key insight was that feedforward measurements, combined with the statistical properties of identical bosons (what the photons are), are enough to simulate the effect of two-photon interactions.
A language for programming quantum algorithms, independent of the specific type of quantum computer on which they are to run. That this kind of thing gets developed is critical to the enabling larger scale use; CUDA is the NVIDIA programming language which enabled GPUs to be used for other things than ray-tracing and running graphics for gaming.
Quipper language embedded in Haskell – functional programming https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.3390 Quipper has been used to program a diverse set of non-trivial quantum algorithms, and can generate quantum gate representations using trillions of gates. It is geared towards a model of computation that uses a classical computer to control a quantum device, but is not dependent on any particular model of quantum hardware. Quipper has proven effective and easy to use, and opens the door towards using formal methods to analyze quantum algorithms.
Cunning Systems 